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Why China is carrying out construction at Lingyang Jiao: Experts cite sovereignty, livelihoods and public services_我的网站

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    Aerial view of Lingyang Jiao Photo: XinhuaSome foreign media have recently renewed hypes over China's construction at Lingyang Jiao in the Xisha Qundao (Xisha Islands), claiming that the completed first phase could become part of China's "largest military base" in the region.
China has firmly rejected such hypes. "Xisha Qundao is China's inherent territory, over which there is no dispute. Necessary construction on our own territory is aimed at improving living and working conditions on the islands and growing the local economy," said Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian at a regular press conference on March 23.
Despite that clear explanation, some foreign media outlets continued to point their finger at the Chinese reef. Why is China carrying out construction at Lingyang Jiao, and why do external parties have no grounds to reproach? Chinese experts recently spoke with the Global Times about the history, purpose and legal basis of the construction on the reef.
Indisputable sovereignty
Lingyang Jiao, whose name comes from its resemblance to an antelope horn, lies on the western side of Yongle Atoll in the Xisha Qundao, about 89 kilometers from Yongxing Island and 6.5 kilometers from Jinyin Island. The reef stretches six kilometers from north to south, measures about 3.5 kilometers at its widest point and covers roughly 15 square kilometers.
The reef, also traditionally known among Chinese fishermen as Kuangzai or Quanzai, is administered by the city of Sansha in South China's Hainan Province.
"Lingyang Jiao is an inherent part of China's territory. Fishermen from Hainan sailed there to fish as early as the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties," Xu Xiaodong, a vice chairman of the Huayang Center for Maritime Cooperation and Ocean Governance, told the Global Times on March 23.
In 1935, the then-Chinese government included the reef in its bilingual list of South China Sea island names. Its name was reviewed again in a corresponding list issued by the then ministry of the interior in 1947 and has remained in use ever since, Xu said.
During the 1974 Xisha self-defense counterattack, the South Vietnamese warship Nhat Tao was sunk in waters near Lingyang Jiao. Xu said these facts demonstrate the Chinese government's determination and actions to safeguard its sovereignty over the Xisha Qundao, including Lingyang Jiao.
Lei Xiaolu, a professor at Wuhan University China Institute of Boundary and Ocean Studies, said that China was the first country to discover, develop and administer the Xisha Qundao. Successive Chinese governments have continuously exercised jurisdiction over the islands, including Lingyang Jiao, forming a clear historical record.
France recognized China's sovereignty over the Xisha Qundao in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Lei said. When France attempted to occupy the Xisha Qundao in 1931 and nine islands and reefs in the Nansha Qundao in 1933, the Chinese government immediately protested and reaffirmed its sovereignty.
Numerous official documents from that period clearly placed the Dongsha, Xisha, Zhongsha and Nansha Qundao within Chinese territory, such as a 1935 map of the South China Sea islands, a brief chorography of the South China Sea islands in 1947, a comparison table of their old and new names, and a location map bearing the South China Sea dash line. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the Chinese government continued to exercise sovereignty over the Xisha Qundao. 
"Lingyang Jiao is part of China's Xisha Qundao. The Chinese government has repeatedly made clear that China has indisputable sovereignty over the Xisha Qundao," Lei said.
Construction to improve living
Previously published aerial images have shown Lingyang Jiao's distinctive ring-shaped lagoon, but its natural beauty long contrasted with the rudimentary living conditions faced by local fishermen.
According to the official website of the Sansha city government, the reef was once almost entirely barren, with little vegetation. Fishermen lived two or three to a coral-stone hut measuring only three or four square meters.
For a long period, a single diesel generator was used to supply electricity on the reef, providing power only between 7 pm and 11 pm. Fresh water had to be carried from vessels arriving from Hainan Island, while typhoons posed a constant threat to residents and their homes.
Construction of a fishermen's settlement was put on the agenda in 2012. However, the complex topography and hydrological conditions around the reef prevented large vessels from approaching, forcing workers to carry construction materials ashore by hand. 
After years of development, Lingyang Jiao now has basic infrastructure including a desalination facility and a power station. Its navigation channel has been dredged and opened, and a fishermen's settlement has been completed. 
Xu said the current construction serves at least two purposes: The first is to provide more and better public services.
Lingyang Jiao lies on the outer edge of the Yongle Islands, surrounded by some of the most difficult navigational waters in the Xisha Qundao. In 2015, the Chinese government built and activated a lighthouse there to provide navigation services for passing vessels.
"Further construction can provide stronger infrastructure support for maritime search and rescue, disaster prevention and mitigation, and help ensure navigational safety in the South China Sea," Xu said.
The construction will also further improve local residents' living conditions. Transport difficulties have long left the reef short of essential supplies, while typhoons have repeatedly caused serious damage to housing. The construction can better meet fishermen's needs for water, electricity, secure housing and employment, Xu noted.
"Fishermen working in the South China Sea have long faced extremely harsh conditions. Far from shore, they spent weeks exposed to intense sunlight, strong winds, heavy rain and sudden typhoons, often without a safe place to rest or repair their boats," Ding Duo, director of the Research Center for International and Regional Issues at the National Institute for South China Sea Studies, told the Global Times on Wednesday.
Ding said the construction is intended to improve the living standards of Chinese fishermen and represents a direct result of China's people-centered development philosophy. 
"China now has the capacity and resources to develop infrastructure at Lingyang Jiao. Doing so is both feasible and responsible, and responds to the long-standing needs of fishermen who have depended on these waters for their livelihoods for centuries," Ding said. 
Besides, ecological protection has remained a prerequisite for production and construction on the reef. In 2019, a research team led by Professor Xie Qiang from Sun Yat-sen University School of Life Sciences discovered a new marine insect species at Lingyang Jiao and named it after the reef.
It was China's first discovery of a strictly marine insect group at the family level within its territory and territorial waters, filling a gap in the country's scientific records. 
"China's land reclamation and construction activities are conducted in strict accordance with laws, regulations and ecological standards," Xu said. "Through technological innovation and systematic governance, China has balanced ecological protection with resource utilization. The results of environmental protection at Lingyang Jiao and in its surrounding waters are clearly visible," Xu said.
No room for external interference
China's construction at Lingyang Jiao has drawn persistent attention from some foreign media. Since January, outlets including Newsweek have used satellite images to hype the project.
The US-based Center for Strategic and International Studies recently claimed that the reclaimed area at Lingyang Jiao had surpassed that of Yongxing Island and was approaching the size of Meiji Jiao, China's largest island reef in the South China Sea.
A Reuters report published on Wednesday went further, claiming that Lingyang Jiao could be one of the Chinese military's most important features in the South China Sea. It speculated that the reef could host surveillance facilities or support nuclear-powered submarines to strengthen "China's military presence around key waterways." 
Ding rejected this accusation, saying that as a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China conducts construction on islands and reefs in the South China Sea strictly within the framework of international law.
"The construction at Lingyang Jiao is peaceful in nature and serves the public. It is intended to better safeguard national territory while providing practical assistance to people and vessels operating in the South China Sea," Ding said.
Ding said improved infrastructure at Lingyang Jiao would bring broader benefits to the region by strengthening China's capacity to provide public services. These include more accurate weather forecasting, faster and more efficient emergency rescue, broader marine scientific research and stronger safety support for the South China Sea's busy international shipping routes.
"China's construction can provide more international public goods and help reduce risks for merchant ships, fishing vessels and other maritime activities," Ding said. "It is not militarization, but an effort aimed at safeguarding peace and stability. The tendency to view everything China does as military in purpose reflects the dark geopolitical mentality of the West."
Xu said China's land reclamation and construction activities also have a solid basis in international law. China ratified the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in 1996 and, under the convention, has the right to conduct construction on islands and reefs within its own territorial waters without seeking the consent or approval of any other country.
"The Xisha Qundao have been Chinese territory since ancient times. Lingyang Jiao has long been a place where Chinese fishermen live and work, and it also carries the history of the Maritime Silk Road," Xu said.
Both history and present-day reality demonstrate China's indisputable sovereignty over the South China Sea islands, including the Xisha Qundao, Xu noted. The waters surrounding the Xisha Qundao are under China's effective administration, making land reclamation and construction at Lingyang Jiao normal activities within China's sovereign jurisdiction.
Objections from external parties are inconsistent with China's long-standing administration of the South China Sea islands and have no basis in international law or international rules, Xu said. No country has the right to interfere in China's construction activities at Lingyang Jiao.
。    谷歌推出了最新的 Pixel 11 系列手机。Pixel 11 Pro 定位于中间档位，在拥有与 Pixel 11 同样小巧机身的同时，获得了 Pro 型号额外的功能与摄像头。不出所料，2026 年款的价格较去年有所上涨，起售价达到了 1,099 美元，虽然基础存储空间更高，但内存容量却有所减少。让我们深入了解一下这款新的安卓旗舰机表现如何。Pixel 11 Pro – 设计与功能Pixel 11 Pro 基本上是 Pixel 10 Pro 的年度常规迭代，而 Pixel 10 Pro 本身也只是 Pixel 9 Pro 的小幅升级。与前代型号一样，Pixel 11 Pro 握感舒适且十分紧凑。它与 Pixel 10 Pro 的物理差异仅在 0.1 毫米级别，重量仅增加了 3 克，手感上几乎察觉不到区别。它的摄像头模组依然有明显的凸起（在 8.2 毫米厚的机身上又增加了 4.1 毫米），但至少能保证手机平放在桌面时不会晃动。这次推出了一些新配色。我测试的这款是“峡谷色”（Canyon），这是一种大胆的鲑鱼橙粉色，配有华丽的铜色铝制中框。此外还有一种看起来很舒服的“橄榄绿”。

B | 不过，淡淡的薄荷色“雾色”和哑光黑的“黑曜石”看起来就相当平淡了。Pixel 11 Pro 在耐用性材料方面基本保持不变，正反两面均采用大猩猩玻璃 Victus 2 以及铝制中框。它应该相当坚固，但我并不认为它难以损坏，毕竟这些年我弄坏过不少手机。屏幕上有一种新的涂层来增强抗刮擦性能，在短暂的测试中，我发现背面出现了划痕，但正面没有，这说明涂层可能确实起到了作用。Pixel 11 Pro 依然提供 IP68 级别的防尘防水保护，对大多数人来说足够了，但仍落后于某些品牌在其更廉价旗舰机上提供的 IP69 级别。在手机的主打功能中，“全新”的 HiLight 功能或许是最鸡肋的。它兼作相机闪光灯，并取代了温度传感器（尽管在之前的型号中，该传感器与闪光灯并存）。HiLight 实际上是谷歌将旧技术以更糟的方式重新包装。早在 2012 年，我的第一台安卓手机 Sharp Aquos SH-01D 就有一个通知指示灯，我可以根据不同的应用设置不同的颜色。而在 2026 年，谷歌在其高端手机上提供的自定义程度甚至还不如 2012 年那么细致。HiLight 仅在你与 Gemini 交谈或收藏联系人通过默认电话应用拨打你电话时才会亮起——如果你使用 WhatsApp、Signal 或其他应用作为默认通信方式，或者希望在收到收藏联系人的短信时灯光闪烁，那就没办法了。由于只有五种颜色（如果你把白色也算作一种颜色）可供选择来识别特定联系人，一旦你的收藏联系人较多，HiLight 的作用就会迅速被削弱。Nothing Phone 的自定义点阵动画功能与之类似，但我认为后者更具吸引力。

C | 更不用说对于 OLED 屏幕，完全可以在勿扰模式下实现类似的功能，让收藏联系人或重要应用的微型通话卡片以非侵入式的方式显示，达到同样的效果，而不需要额外增加一个可能在两代后就会被弃用的硬件。Pixel 11 Pro 的显示屏几乎没有什么新意，但这并不是坏事。它依然是一块华丽的 6.3 英寸 OLED 屏幕，支持 1 到 120Hz 的可变刷新率，峰值亮度提升至 3,600 尼特。这比去年的型号略有改进，但在日常使用中不太可能产生显著差异，除非你喜欢让屏幕正对着太阳直射。

D | 扬声器与屏幕的表现并不匹配。虽然底部扬声器的音量很大，但听筒扬声器的声音要弱得多，以至于立体声效果几乎感觉不到。音量足够在小房间里听播客或看视频，但也仅限于此。手机依然提供屏幕指纹识别和面部识别。我发现这两者在解锁手机时都非常快速且可靠。Pixel 11 Pro 还继续坚持仅使用 eSIM。

E | 这虽然只是个小遗憾，因为我觉得 eSIM 是个方便的选项，但如果只能使用 eSIM，就会产生局限性。手机的连接性非常稳健，具备标准的 5G、Wi-Fi 7 和蓝牙 6.0，紧跟时代步伐。它还支持卫星连接，供你在偏远且没有地面信号时使用。USB-C 接口支持充电、10Gbps 数据传输，并可连接显示器运行桌面模式。奇怪的是，手机不会自动调出触控板来导航桌面环境，我不得不找来蓝牙鼠标和键盘才能开始操作。Pixel 11 Pro – 软件Pixel 11 Pro 搭载 Android 17 系统，并将获得 7 年的软件和安全更新。

F | 这是谷歌几代以来的承诺，并保证手机会随着时间的推移通过特殊功能更新变得更好。

G | 但我见过太多人的 Pixel 手机在购买后几年内电源键就脱落了，因此不再对这个承诺抱有太大期望。更何况 Pixel 手机的性能往往落后于旗舰竞争对手，随着时间的推移和现代软件需求的增加，性能可能会显得捉襟见肘。

H | Pixel 11 系列的新功能之一是谷歌键盘的 Rambler 功能，这是一款增强版的语音转文字功能，旨在让你随性说话，它会自动整理语音并允许你即时修改。一个缺点是它不会实时显示输出，你必须等待处理完成后才能看到结果，这使得检查过程变得有些繁琐。在测试中，即使我在说话时有些结巴，它也表现得相当可靠。遗憾的是，该功能需要在线处理才能发挥全部功能，谷歌本可以将其做成安卓通用功能，而不是 Pixel 11 系列独占。

I | 谷歌实现的另一个功能是 Camera Looks。这让你可以在拍摄照片时使用几种不同的预设风格，这些风格会以不同的方式处理照片，你还可以对每种风格进行微调。增加这样的选项当然不错，但在某种程度上，直接拍摄 RAW 格式并在之后进行任何想要的调整可能会更合理。对于普通摄影爱好者来说，这个功能可能感觉就像简单的滤镜。最后一个大功能是 Magic Capture（魔术捕捉），它基本上允许你随心所欲地录制一段视频，然后系统会自动扫描并提取照片（其理念是让你能更多地关注现实世界，而不是手机屏幕）。

J | 它确实实现了所承诺的功能，并且是使用后置传感器拍摄自拍的好方法。Pixel 11 Pro – 游戏与性能谷歌在原始性能方面并不出名。它的 Tensor 芯片不参与这种竞争，Tensor G6 也不例外。追求原始速度和游戏性能的用户，最好选择 OnePlus 15 或红魔 11 Pro 之类的产品。Pixel 11 Pro 的动力足以应付日常操作，在一般使用中不会感到迟钝。但游戏就是另一回事了。在长达 10 分钟的 Neverness to Everness 着色器编译过程中，Pixel 11 Pro 变得相当烫手。随后，在“平衡”画质设置下运行游戏，画面总体流畅，但频繁出现卡顿，尤其是在战斗中使用特殊技能或切换角色时。在游戏的“影视级”画质设置下，即便只是在游戏世界中漫游，卡顿也更加频繁。从冷启动开始，游戏在运行过程中仍有轻微卡顿；10 分钟后，手机变得有些烫手，游戏中的卡顿也随之加剧。老实说，我很惊讶它居然能在“影视级”设置下运行这款游戏。这款手机仍在使用 PowerVR GPU，去年的型号中该 GPU 曾导致性能大幅退步。这一代虽然它肯定不是一款优秀的游戏手机，但还算勉强过关。

K | 谷歌终于将手机的基础存储空间提升至 256GB，但去年 Pixel 10 Pro 所有型号都配备了 16GB 内存，而 Pixel 11 Pro 的起步内存仅为 12GB。

L | 虽然在实际使用中你可能感觉不到这种不足，但长远来看可能会产生影响。

M | Pixel 11 Pro 搭载了一块表现平平的 4850mAh 电池，比前代手机的 4870mAh 略小。它仍能支撑一整天的使用，但对于重度用户来说，坚持两天可能会很吃力。

N | 手机有线充电功率为 30W，但也支持 25W 的无线 Qi2 充电，相比 Pixel 10 Pro 的 15W 有了显著提升。遗憾的是，在初始测试期间，我常用的基准测试套件无法在该手机上运行，因此我稍后会补上结果。

o | 尽管如此，基于 Tensor 芯片的游戏表现和历史记录，可以肯定其结果将远落后于搭载骁龙 8 Elite Gen 5 的手机。Pixel 11 Pro – 摄像头Pixel 11 Pro 对 Pixel 10 Pro 的摄像系统进行了一些调整，在某些情况下选择了稍大的传感器，但保持了相同的分辨率和光圈。最大的变化在于长焦传感器，它换上了一个大得多的传感器，这对于在光线较暗的条件下拍摄以及应对其原本狭窄的光圈非常有益。以下是 Pixel 11 Pro 的配置：5000 万像素广角，1/1.3" 传感器，f/1.68，激光自动对焦，OIS，EIS4800 万像素超广角，1/2.51" 传感器，f/1.7，123 度视角4800 万像素长焦，1/1.95" 传感器，f/2.8，5 倍光学变焦，OIS，EIS4200 万像素自拍，f/2.2，103 度视角不出所料，这套摄像系统是一个全能且强大的组合。近距离拍摄时，主传感器能够捕捉大量细节，色彩自然且背景虚化令人满意。长焦传感器也可以介入进行近距离拍摄，为那些通常难以接近的拍摄对象提供清晰的细节。对于较大的拍摄对象，主摄和超广角配合得很好。两者之间的色彩保持一致，使得同一对象的不同照片看起来像是一套连贯的组图。

p | 超广角的大光圈也有助于在较暗环境中拍摄时避免过多的噪点。长焦传感器被证明是一个相当强大的工具，但并不像营销宣传的那样无所不能。在 10 倍变焦下，画面看起来依然很棒，能非常清晰地拍到远处的物体。超过 10 倍后，画面开始出现模糊和沉重的数码修正痕迹，因此 30 倍变焦开始显得扁平，超过这个倍数则完全变成了人工痕迹。这一点在放大远处标牌时表现得尤为明显。

q | 观察一个远到需要最大变焦倍数的停车标志时，我看到了重构的视觉效果和一种“外星文字”。手机会同时保存原始快照和增强版，虽然原始照片可能很模糊，但其细节可能比增强版凭空捏造的更好。在我拍摄的一张照片中，汽车车牌在原始照片中清晰地显示有一个“9”，但增强版却将其彻底抹除。自拍看起来还可以，但我发现它们比我对 4200 万像素传感器的预期要稍微模糊一点。

r | 焦点似乎偏软，我胡须的精细细节只是模糊地混在一起，而不是根根分明。购买指南Pixel 11 Pro 提供四种颜色和三种存储容量。256GB 存储搭配 12GB 内存的型号起售价为 1,099 美元。512GB 存储并升级至 16GB 内存的价格为 1,219 美元，在 2026 年，这些额外配置的溢价看起来还算公平，尽管这仍让手机显得有点贵。1TB 型号同样包含 16GB 内存，价格升至 1,449 美元。谷歌提供了以旧换新优惠，在 8 月 27 日前下单，还可享受 Pixel Watch 5 减免 250 美元或 200 美元的 Google Store 积分。

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